kejizhuanlunfangbaodianqideshejixuanxingyushejizhizuoyaoqiumeiyanwentangshanshixiandaidianqichanghebeitangshanxiehuanjingshifangdeyuanzhongleifanduo，nanyifenxipanduanqibaozhaxingweixianyinsu。yaobaozhengdianqideshiyonganquan，jiubixujiaqiangduifangbaodianqidesheji，zuohaofangbaodianqideshejixuanxingheshejizhizuogongzuo。conggenbenshangyouhuafangbaodianqi，使其更具市場競爭力。

　　youyufangbaodianqideshiyonghuanjingjuyouyidingdebaozhaweixian，yinci，bixucaiyongyidingdeanquancuoshi
，rangfangbaodianqichulewanchengputongdianqidedianqigongnengwai，hainengjiancehekongzhibaozhaweixianqudeanquanyongdian
，tongxundeng。zaiyuechangshenghuozhongchangjiandefangbaodianqileixingyou：本質安全型，隔爆型，增安型等
，防爆電器主要分為煤礦防爆電器和工廠防爆電器兩類。

　　一
、防爆電氣產品的設計總思路（一）防爆電氣設備應用的環境要求。①具有易燃易爆蒸汽/氣體的爆炸性危險作業環境。具有可燃性粉塵的爆炸危險作業環境。③可燃性粉塵和易燃易爆蒸汽/氣qi體ti同tong時shi存cun在zai的de危wei險xian作zuo業ye環huan境jing，如ru固gu態tai煤mei炭tan成cheng品pin車che間jian及ji其qi稱cheng重zhong，塗tu覆fu
，包bao裝zhuang，運yun輸shu等deng裝zhuang置zhi中zhong。並bing且qie
，隨sui著zhe煤mei炭tan企qi業ye的de不bu斷duan發fa展zhan
，危wei險xian性xing作zuo業ye環huan境jing將jiang越yue來lai越yue普pu遍bian，這zhe就jiu要yao求qiu煤mei炭tan企qi業ye高gao度du重zhong視shi防fang爆bao電dian器qi設she備bei在zai企qi業ye生sheng產chan過guo程cheng中zhong的de使shi用yong。同tong時shi，設she計ji部bu分fen也ye應ying進jin1步對防爆電器進行研究。④在前三種情況的基礎上還存在其他特殊條件（如腐蝕性介質，低溫，高溫高濕，振動
，砂塵雨水等）的環境中也必須用到防爆電器產品。

　　（二）防爆電器設備的選型。根據企業中工作環境的爆炸危險性的不同
，將蒸汽/氣體危險場所劃分為：0區、1區、2區。劃分的依據為爆炸危險源的釋放程度。一般而言

，0區限於排放口較小的區域或煤炭裝置內。防爆電器一般使用在1、2區
，特別是在具有沙塵雨水和腐蝕的2區中，必須使用防爆功能較強的防爆電器設備。

　　在zai具ju有you爆bao炸zha危wei險xian性xing的de工gong作zuo場chang所suo中zhong，經jing常chang存cun在zai鹽yan霧wu，化hua學xue腐fu蝕shi等deng其qi他ta因yin素su，這zhe些xie因yin素su不bu僅jin使shi設she備bei電dian器qi的de機ji械xie功gong能neng和he電dian氣qi性xing能neng被bei嚴yan重zhong破po壞huai

，同tong時shi還hai使shi設she備bei的de防fang爆bao功gong能neng受shou到dao嚴yan重zhong破po壞huai。因yin此ci，在zai進jin行xing防fang爆bao電dian器qi的de選xuan用yong時shi
，必bi須xu確que定ding其qi抵di禦yu能neng力li和he安an全quan性xing。在zai可ke燃ran性xing粉fen塵chen危wei險xian環huan境jing中zhong應ying采cai用yong限xian製zhi表biao麵mian溫wen度du保bao護hu和he外wai殼ke保bao護hu的de結jie構gou
，避bi免mian粉fen塵chen進jin入ru設she備bei外wai殼ke內nei，吸xi附fu在zai絕jue緣yuan體ti上shang，導dao致zhi因yin電dian路lu短duan路lu而er出chu現xian生sheng產chan事shi故gu。

　　對dui於yu粉fen塵chen和he易yi燃ran易yi爆bao性xing氣qi體ti同tong時shi存cun在zai的de危wei險xian性xing作zuo業ye場chang所suo
，選xuan擇ze設she備bei時shi
，一yi定ding要yao選xuan擇ze雙shuang重zhong防fang爆bao型xing電dian氣qi設she備bei，其qi防fang爆bao級ji別bie在zai滿man足zu易yi燃ran易yi爆bao性xing氣qi體ti的de特te點dian時shi，還hai必bi須xu滿man足zu可ke燃ran性xing氣qi體ti的de特te性xing。

　　二

、防爆電氣的設計製作要求（一）電dian源yuan設she計ji。獨du立li電dian源yuan的de蓄xu電dian池chi和he幹gan電dian池chi的de本ben質zhi安an全quan
，且qie便bian於yu攜xie帶dai。蓄xu電dian池chi和he幹gan電dian池chi皆jie為wei電dian阻zu性xing電dian路lu，其qi電dian源yuan的de電dian源yuan安an全quan參can數shu的de確que定ding，可ke根gen據ju電dian阻zu性xing最zui小xiao點dian燃ran電dian流liu的de曲qu線xian來lai實shi現xian。利li用yong電dian池chi的de最zui高gao電dian壓ya，找zhao出chu最zui小xiao點dian燃ran電dian流liu，再zai除chu以yi安an全quan係xi數shu值zhi，便bian能neng得de到dao電dian池chi允yun許xu的de最zui大da安an全quan電dian流liu值zhi。電dian池chi直zhi接jie短duan路lu是shi電dian池chi最zui嚴yan重zhong的de放fang電dian狀zhuang態tai，因yin此ci，在zai進jin行xing電dian源yuan設she計ji時shi
，必bi須xu考kao慮lv電dian源yuan的de本ben質zhi安an全quan性xing能neng，並bing將jiang最zui大da短duan路lu電dian流liu作zuo為wei衡heng量liang標biao準zhun。

　　（二）電(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)。在(zai)進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)路(lu)設(she)計(ji)時(shi)，必(bi)須(xu)充(chong)分(fen)考(kao)慮(lv)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)氣(qi)功(gong)能(neng)，使(shi)電(dian)氣(qi)原(yuan)理(li)的(de)正(zheng)確(que)性(xing)得(de)到(dao)保(bao)證(zheng)。其(qi)次(ci)，防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)參(can)數(shu)

，爬(pa)電(dian)距(ju)離(li)，電(dian)氣(qi)間(jian)隙(xi)必(bi)須(xu)與(yu)GB3836的相關要求相符合。

　　（三）外(wai)殼(ke)設(she)計(ji)。外(wai)殼(ke)的(de)設(she)計(ji)必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)防(fang)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)功(gong)能(neng)，防(fang)衝(chong)擊(ji)性(xing)和(he)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)，同(tong)時(shi)防(fang)靜(jing)電(dian)功(gong)能(neng)和(he)導(dao)熱(re)性(xing)能(neng)也(ye)必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)強(qiang)度(du)
，同(tong)時(shi)還(hai)必(bi)須(xu)設(she)計(ji)出(chu)精(jing)致(zhi)耐(nai)看(kan)的(de)外(wai)觀(guan)形(xing)狀(zhuang)。

　　①防爆電器外殼對材料的基本要求：zaiduiwaikejinxingshejishi，bixuyaoshifangbaodianqidewaikejuyoujiaoqiangdefangfushixing，kangyanghuanengli，kangzhuangjiqiangdu
，waikebiaomianwujingdian，daorexishugao，jiagongxingnenglianghaodeng。jiumuqianeryan，bufenguojiazaijinxingxiaoxingfangbaodianqidewaikezhizuoshidouxuanyonghuangtongzuoweizhuyaocailiao。youyuwoguodehuangtongziyuanyanzhongquefa

，yinci，zaiwoguodaduocaiyonggongchengsuliao，zhugang，zhutie
，lvhejindengcailiaozhizuofangbaodianqiwaike。youyuwoguoduigongyesuliaodehuaxuechengfen
，fanghuohuagongneng
，fangjingdiangongnengtichulegenggaodeyaoqiu，yincizaifangbaodianqidewaikezhizuozhongyibanbutichangshiyonggaizhongcailiao。tongshi，zhugang，zhutiecunzairongyifushidetedian，yincizaiwaikezhizuozhongyejishaobeiyongdao，muqianwoguozhengzaixiangliyuwumeilvhejinhedimeilvhejinzuoweiwaikeshengchancailiaodefangxiangfazhan。

　　外殼精度要求：fangbaodianqidewaikesheyoujiexianzui
，yinxianjigou，anzhuangzhuangzhi
，diaoguazhuangzhi，fangbaojiehemianjibiaozhixingzifudeng，qixingtixingzhuangyibanjiaoweifuza。yinciwaikedezhizuoguochengjuyoujiaoqiangdejingduxing

，shizifudengneirongnenggoumingxiandebiaoxianchulai。

　　鑄件的內在要求：根據國家出台的GB3836-2010的相關規定，在外殼加工完成後
，必須進行水壓測試，水壓試驗的試驗壓力應為所測得的爆炸壓力的1.5倍
，但至少為0.35MPa.壓力保持10+2s，“以不連續滴水（每間隔大於10s滴水1滴為不連續滴水）為合格"deguidingjinxingpanding。bingqiezaishiyanyaliheguidingshijiannei，beishiwaikewujiegousunhuaihuokenengyingxianggebaoxingnengdeyongjiubianxing。lingwai，fangbaowaikejiagongwanchenghou

，qibiaomianbunengchuxianzhenkong，qiyandeng，zhujianbixuzuzhijunyun，juyoulianghaodezhimixing，biaomianguangjie。

　　實用性和經濟性要求：在(zai)進(jin)行(xing)外(wai)殼(ke)的(de)設(she)計(ji)時(shi)
，還(hai)必(bi)須(xu)考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)其(qi)實(shi)用(yong)性(xing)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)性(xing)，在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)器(qi)外(wai)殼(ke)必(bi)須(xu)具(ju)有(you)耗(hao)能(neng)低(di)，耗(hao)材(cai)少(shao)，質(zhi)量(liang)輕(qing)，體(ti)積(ji)小(xiao)等(deng)特(te)點(dian)
，進(jin)而(er)降(jiang)低(di)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)，提(ti)高(gao)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)。

　　jieshuyuzongzhi

，fangbaodianqishimeitanqiyeshengchandeyishunlijinxingdezhongyaoyinsu，yinci，womenbixujiaqiangduifangbaodianqidesheji，jinyibugaishanfangbaodianqideshejililun，shifangbaodianqidefangbaoxingnengdedaojinyibutigao，anquanxingnengheyunxingdekekaoxingdedaogaishan
，jinercujinwoguomeitanqiyedefazhan。